By most accounts, there are some 200,000 teenagers sleeping on
the streets in America every night. It's a problem we're never
going to be able to solve entirely, especially not with another
government program.
There is a better option, but it's not going to
be presented from too many circles. We need to let more
children work. The child labor laws now on the books only make
the problem worse. They need to be changed.
I should know. I was one of those kids once.
When I was 16, I ran away because I believed then (and now)
that living on the street was safer than staying at home. I
survived, and eventually thrived, because someone was willing to
break the law.
Homelessness is particularly frightening for women. Without
the traditional protections of family and a job, females
-- especially under-aged girls -- become vulnerable to assault
and rape. And they are more likely to turn to prostitution or
crime to eke out an existence.
I was lucky. It was legal for me to work, and I did so as a
file clerk in an appliance store. But the owner broke labor laws
by allowing me to stay on the premises at night. In return, I
put in unpaid overtime. Because he took a chance on me, I never
had to consider prostitution, begging, selling drugs, or the
other dead-ends that many homeless teens confront. If I had been
15, I am sure he would have never taken the risk.
Why didn't I go to a government agency for help? It isn't
that easy. For most kids, it's hard to find a place willing to
open its doors for more than a day or two. Even then, the only
goal of the "authorities" is to get the kid home. Moreover, when
teens end up alone on the street, it is usually from one of two
causes: They are fleeing an abusive home or they are
"throw-aways" — that is, children whose parents have left them
or who have thrown them out, often for drug use or pregnancy. In
other words, those in control have betrayed or abandoned them.
Many of them refuse to turn over their lives to yet another
authority.
The issue of homelessness in the young is receiving more
attention because of several recent studies finding their
numbers on the rise. A recent study in Boston found that, since
1990, for example, the number of homeless children in that city
has tripled.
The situation confronting homeless teens is worse today than
when I ran away. It was the dead of winter when I left, and for
the first nights I slept on the pew of a church whose doors were
always open. Today, those doors would probably be locked. I was
at one point "discovered," which was my greatest fear, but the
person simply put a blanket over me and left without waking me
up. Today, society is numbed to homelessness; we are overwhelmed
with compassion fatigue and acts of gratuitous kindness seem to
be fewer. We avert our eyes from the hand-painted signs and
ignore the rattling cups.
Many of the solutions offered to the problem of runaways will
never work. Even if there were "enough" funding from already
exhausted taxpayers, such notoriously inefficient and
soul-numbing government programs as welfare only create
dependency.
Those who will not trust authority or who have been further
abused by government agencies will stay on the streets. What
they need is to have the same chance I did. They deserve the
right to work so they can take care of themselves without
begging or turning to crime.
Child labor laws were intended as a way to prevent the
exploitation of children in sweatshops and factories; they
weren't designed to prohibit teenagers from working in a warm
fast-food restaurant. They were never meant to force a
15-year-old into prostitution or drug dealing in order to be
able to pay for a safe and legal place to sleep.
In many states, 14 is the minimum legal age for some
non-agricultural jobs. But the law usually restricts the
conditions under which they can work so tightly — e.g. the
number of hours to be worked — that it is difficult for them to
make a living. Or, at least, to do so in a legal manner.
Advocating that under-aged teenagers be allowed to work is
bound to elicit an outraged backlash. No one wants to see
children forced to support themselves. But many teens are
already are on their own, and working at a menial, low-paid job
may well be the best way a teen can get off the street and get a
new life.