I take domestic violence seriously. Years ago, a boyfriend
battered me so badly that I am legally blind in my right eye due
to a hemorrhage in my central vision. Domestic violence
literally changed the way I view the world every morning I wake.
It also changed how I view the gender politics through which
domestic violence is usually analyzed. Part of the standard view
is: Women who "stay" have been brainwashed, and so are not
responsible for that decision; and, leaving the relationship is
always the right choice. I dispute both claims.
Many intelligent, adult women consciously choose to
stay in an abusive relationship and they are responsible for
doing so. In saying this, I do not strip battered women of their
valid claim to being wronged. Acknowledging the free will of
abused women doesn't insult them: it respects them.
No one deserves a fist in the face for speaking out of line,
which was my story. My choice to stay doesn't exonerate the man
who blinded me: He is as fully responsible for his choices as I
am. But you can be a victim without subscribing to the
victimhood philosophy of gender feminism. I share
responsibility.
My decision to stay ultimately proved mistaken but my reasons
were not pathological. I stayed because I truly loved the man; I
am not a quitter; the abuse was connected to drug use ... and
isn't that an illness?; he treated me well in some important
areas; I assumed too much responsibility -- blaming
myself for the abuse. I think many women use similar reasoning.
And, in order to understand domestic violence, their choices
must be accorded enough respect to be treated seriously.
There are many possible reasons for staying in an abusive
relationship, including: The abuse is temporary and sparked by
specific events that can be remedied; the love of family; the
man may have an "illness," like drug abuse; a compelling love.
Every woman who stays has a somewhat different reason for doing
so.
One of the main motivations of women who stay is a desire to
keep the family together. A man who is occasionally abusive --
under the pressures of drugs, drink, adultery, financial
distress -- may be a good father and breadwinner: It is far from
clear that divorcing such a troubled man is preferable to trying
to work the problem through.
A distinction should be made between victims of domestic
violence and self-perpetuating victims. Anyone can be a victim.
Anyone can be trapped by love or loyalty into staying inside a
situation that damages them. That doesn't mean the woman caused
the abuse, sought it out, or -- on some level -- enjoys her
victimhood.
Studies into domestic violence and domestic violence politics
assume perpetual victimhood. They do not dwell upon women who
decide to stay for "good" reasons and work through their
relationships. They also do not acknowledge the women who
eventually end an abusive relationship and move on to love
non-abusive men. This is a vast and almost unaddressed area of
domestic violence research.
Yet, from
anecdotal
experience many women remain in a relationship not because
of the abuse but in spite of it. And they successfully move on.
In doing so, they do not seem to repeat "cycles of abuse" as
accepted wisdom declares. After leaving my relationship, I
married a gentle, kind man whose abuse is limited to reading
novels in bed while I'm trying to sleep.
Not all women's experiences of abuse are the same as my own.
(Stephanie Rodriguez's online book
Time to Stop
Pretending provides a balancing view.) My point is
merely this: Battered women are almost never portrayed as
responsible adults with free will who grapple with complex
circumstances and make a choice; they are never seen as women
who strike a bad bargain or misjudge a situation. But those
scenarios are probably as common to domestic violence as any
others.
Women are beginning to question the philosophy of domestic
violence offered by gender feminists. For example, a
growing
trend among Latino women, for whom family and children are
often paramount, is for couples to work out their relationships,
often with the aid of a priest or counselor.
The choice to stay is not clear or easy. Leaving may well be
the best option for most women. But women who decide to work out
an abusive relationship should not be reviled or pathologized
any more than women who leave should be automatically
celebrated. Human relationships are far more complicated than
that.
Unfortunately, the "battered woman" is no longer a subject of
honest inquiry. She has become a political rallying point, the
centerpiece of fund-raising, the symbol of politically correct
victimhood.
None of the politicization helps those trapped in crisis.
Women do not deserve to be hit: I didn't deserve my blindness.
But sometimes intelligent, adult women choose to stay in abusive
relationships -- at least temporarily -- over the alternatives.
Their choices should not be dismissed out-of-hand. DV cannot be
understood without listening to their voices as well.